Розглянуто результати досліджень українських та закордонних вчених щодо дослідження впливу змін клімату на стік води річок. Дане питання в більшості досліджень висвітлюється за допомогою гідрологічного моделювання. Оцінці тенденцій майбутніх змін річкового стоку води, що відбуваються під впливом кліматичних змін в Україні, приділено недостатньо уваги. Для отримання достовірних оцінок впливу кліматичних змін на водні ресурси рекомендується використовувати комплексний метод дослідження.
Рассмотрены результаты исследований влияния изменений климата на сток рек украинских и зарубежных ученых. Данный вопрос в большинстве исследований освещается с помощью гидрологического моделирования. Оценке тенденций будущих изменений речного стока воды под влиянием климатических изменений в Украине уделено недостаточно внимания. Для получения достоверных оценок влияния климатических изменений на водные ресурсы рекомендуется использовать комплексный метод исследования.
A huge number of scientific researches in theworld are devoted to the research of global and regional climate change and their impact on water resources. In Ukraine, this issue is receiving insufficient attention. Researches have been done to assess current trends in river runoff, but future es&timates of changes in Ukraine"s water flow have been presented in only a few papers. Present studies of this issue are conducted using hydrological modeling. The ensemble approach is widely used to increase the reliability of estimates of possible fu&ture changes in water runoff, that is, the use of data from several GCM and RCM models, with subsequent averaging of their results. Unfortunately, this methodological approach was not used in Ukraine. Using the water-balance method, local manifestati&ons of global climate change within individual catchments can be estimated with sufficient quality. To estimate the temporal variability of the components of the water balance, a comparison of the available hydrological and climatic characteristics o&f the current period with the period of the climatic norm is used, as well as the method of differential integral curves, which reflects characteristic tendencies in the long-term dynamics of individual components of the water balance. Analyzing all &available approaches to research on the impact of climate change on water flow, we can conclude that a complex method is the best for this investigation. Given that a large number of methods are used in the world, reliable estimates can be obtained b&y developing unified and validated methods and techniques. Therefore, the first step in this way should be a comparative analysis of the results obtained by the most commonly used methods. In the field of water, climate change can lead to changes in &rainfall, hydrodynamic regime and water balance of rivers, increase of catastrophic floods and excessive drought, shortage of fresh water. Unfortunately, there is insufficient attention paid to the study of this issue in Ukraine. That is why assessin&g the impact of climate change on water flow and forecasting them is a very necessary task.
