У статті розглядаються теорії і гіпотези щодо можливого впливу рукописів Мертвого моря на формування раннього християнства, висвітлюються і аналізуються положення різних поглядів у кумраністиці щодо текстуальних перегуків між кумранською літературою і писаннями Нового Заповіту, наводяться інтерпретації та спроби реконструкції історичного контексту в умовах фактичної нестачі історичних свідчень про зв"язки між юдейськими групами і рухами часів Другого Храму.
This article considers the theories and hypotheses regarding the possible impact of the Dead Sea Scrollson the early Christianity formation. It also highlights and analyzes different notions on intertextualechoes in the Qumran literature and the New Testament. The explanation of parallels between the Jesus movement and the Dead Sea Scrolls has formed at least four different opinions in Qumran Studies. 1) In some of his statements and actions, Jesus resonates with his contemporary Jewish teachings and practices which are reflected in the Dead Sea Scrolls. 2) Jesus borrowed some views from the writings that have been stored or written by the Essenes. 3) To be directly and strongly influenced by Essenian doctrines, Jesus might rather face them or even opposed to them. 4) Jesus took and adopted t&he model of leadership used by the Teacher of Righteousness (Moreh ha-Tzedek) of sectarian scrolls. Finally, the article seeks some potential interpretations and research approaches to reconstruct the context, which is quite problematic and character&ized by alack of historical evidence on the links between various groups and movements within Judaism of the Second Temple period.
In addition, the translation (first time in Ukrainian) of the Messianic Apocalypse is provided at the end of the artic&le. This text found in Qumranis eschatological and has pronounced apocalyptic end-time and messianic motifs. Ithas been studied in relation to Gospel"s Messianic Magnificat and the comparison with Luke 7:22 about raising the dead.
