Оцінено вплив рослинного покриву як важливого фактору інтенсивності та розвитку ерозійних процесів та одного з найбільш важливих параметрів моделювання ерозії. Рослинний покрив (С-фактор) аналізується як чинник, що найлегше піддається змінам. Обґрунтована можливість його використання як чинника, який може забезпечувати зменшення втрат ґрунту та послаблення ерозійної небезпеки силових земель. Також наведено різні варіанти сівозмін, які дають можливість впливати на інтенсивність ерозійних процесів та захищати поверхню ґрунту від ерозійної деградації.
Soil loss due to soil erosion can be estimated by using models such as Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE). There are several versions of this model, one of which (Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation - RUSLE) was used in this research. The accuracy of these models depends on parameters. Impact of vegetation cover (C-factor) is an important factor in intensity and development of erosion processes and one of the most important variables in erosion modelling. It is well known that the presence of vegetation significantly reduces possibility of erosion occurrence. Vegetation increases the roughness of the soil surface, reduces the runoff, protect the soil aggregates from raindrops impact, binds the soil &root system. The vegetation cover (C-factor) is analyzed as a factor which is most sensitive to changes. The prospect of its use, as a factor which can provide a decrease of soil loss and a mitigation of an erosion hazard in slope lands, is proved. S&everal variants of crop rotation are given, which enable to affect the intensity of erosion processes and protect soil surface from erosional degradation. It was modeled in this paper. Runoff of the investigated area was modeling with ArcGIS. Soil lo&ss due to soil erosion in slope lands of Podolia was calculated. The final result of modeling is showed on the cartogram of predicted soil erosion (potential soil loss). The highest soil loss from investigated area was estimated to be 57,25 t/ha. To &reduce damage due to erosion it can be done by increasing erosion resistance of land. This is achieved by selecting crops that will significantly reduce the active layer of flow, increase accumulative capacity and surface roughness of slopes, increas&e soil permeability. Considering the topography and soil properties was selected optimal crop rotation for investigated area. Then value of the highest soil loss was reduced to 17,23 t/ha after changing of crops. The areas with critical values of run&off of soil also reduced. This is only by changing the crop. If spend at least the minimum soil protection measures the value of soil loss can also be significantly reduced.
Оценено влияние растительного покрова как важного фактора интенсивности и р&азвития эрозионных процессов и одного из наиболее важных параметров моделирования эрозии. Растительный покров (С-фактор) анализируется как фактор, который легче поддается изменениям. Обоснована возможность его использования в качестве фактора, которы&й может обеспечивать уменьшение потерь почвы и ослабление эрозионной опасности склоновых земель. Также приведены различные варианты севооборотов, которые дают возможность влиять на интенсивность эрозионных процессов и защищать поверхность почвы от эр&озионной деградации.
