В статье рассмотрены меры, предпринятые правительством РФ в последние годы с целью оптимизации деятельности вузов путем их реорганизации в форме слияния или присоединения. Проанализированы слияния и присоединения вузов, произошедшие в секторе высшего образования России за последние несколько лет, выявлена их типология. Приведены задачи, стоящие перед российскими вузами, образовавшимися в результате слияния. Описаны общие тенденции, характерные для государственных программ интеграции вузов в странах Европы (Дании, Нидерландах, Франции, Швеции) и в Китае. Проанализированы государственные программы, реализуемые в этих странах в последние годы и направленные на стимулирование и поддержку объединения вузов, описаны первые результаты их реализации. Приведены наиболее интересные практики слияния вузов в зарубежных странах.
The present article describes recent initiatives undertaken by the Russian Government that are aimed at increasing the effectiveness of universities’ operation through their reorganization in the form of a merger or acquisition. The author describes the process of organization of an annual monitoring of Russian universities that is conducted to identify universities and universities’ branches showing signs of inefficiency. The articl&e also provides information about the results of monitoring over the past two years and plans of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation of reformation of inefficient universities and universities’ branches.The article dwells &on mergers and acquisitions of universities that have occurred in the sector of higher education in Russia over the past few years. The author analyzes typology and geographical location of merged universities. Special attention is paid to the networ&k of federal universities established to develop human capital in the federal districts of Russia. A special example of RANEPA is mentioned as the first Presidential Academy that is formed by the merger of a large number of higher and additional prof&essional education institutions and their branches. The uniqueness of the Academy lies in its extensive territorial structure uniting educational institutions of different levels,located in 53 regions of the country. The article also describes the ma&in objectives behind the leading Russian universities that were formed by merger. The analysis showed that since 2007 there have been over 100 reorganizations of universities in Russia, of which more than 90% supposed that various educational organiz&ations were attached to universities. There were not only horizontal mergers, which suppose that a university is merged with other universities, but also vertical mergers when universities are merged with general, secondary vocational educational ins&titutions. The article describes general trends is state universities’ integration programs of European countries - Denmark, the Netherlands, France, Sweden, and also China. The author analysesstate programs aimed at promoting and supporting universi&ty mergers, that where realized in these countries in recent years. The first results of the implementation of these programs and the most interesting practices of universities’ mergers in these countries are described.
